How to make Semiconductor materials?

Semiconductors are designed and processed on the "wafers". Wafers are mostly made from Si (silicon) for common use, but Ge(germanium), SiC(silicon carbide), GaAs(gallium arsenide), GaN(gallium nitride), InP(indium phospide), etc wafers(a.k.a. compound semiconductors) are also available for special use.








These wafers are made from crystal ingots(Cylindrical "boule"), which are grown by Czochralski, float-zone, or Bridgman methods.

Today, I am going to talk about brief preview of growth of bulk crystals methods.



1. Growth of Bulk Crystals.


These following processes are usually used for Si crystal growth.

• Czochralski process
• Float zone process

Following processes are used for "compound" semiconductor crystal

• Liquid-Encapsulated Czochralski process
• Bridgman process

This is it for today's post. For some of you this is very familiar topic, but for someone this is already too much for one day.

At the next post, I will cover brief previews of each methods and further details for each method will be posted later.

Thanks,

K K